Abstract
Drinking water supply to people in rural areas is increasingly oriented towards the search for groundwater. However, these resources, which were once of good quality, are currently threatened by various sources of pollution points and diffuse. The objective of this study is to map the intrinsic vulnerability to groundwater pollution of the Lobo watershed in Nibehibe. The intrinsic vulnerability mapping method, PaPRIKa adapted or PaPRI which acronym is the protection of aquifers (Pa) based on three criteria: P for protection, R for rock type, I represents infiltration was used. The results show three (3) vulnerability classes, which are moderate, high and very high. This map shows that the high vulnerability class (89%) dominates the study area. This predominance shows that the groundwater of the Lobo watershed is at high risk of pollution.
Highlights
Groundwater is of paramount importance in most parts of the world
High and very high vulnerability classes respectively occupy about 9.97%, 89% and 0.98% of the total area of the study zone. These areas are considered as areas to be monitored with respect to intense anthropogenic activities that tend to pollute groundwater
We add to that the average thickness of the protective layers, which more or less facilitates the vertical transport of the contaminant. These results are similar to those of [7] which underlined the importance of soil type, indicating that the presence of highly permeable soil associated with a shallow water table and high recharge would be a favorable condition to increase the vulnerability to the pollution of aquifers
Summary
Groundwater is of paramount importance in most parts of the world. this resource, which was one of good qualities, is under threat from various sources of pollution points and diffuses contamination [1]. In Côte d’Ivoire, considering the low flow rates of boreholes in the basement zone [4] [5], surface waters constitute the abundant and sustainable resource They are exploited to meet the drinking water needs of populations in large urban centers such as Daloa. The water of the Lobo River, which is treated to supply the population of Daloa township in water, is very rich in organic matter, micro-pollutants and other toxic substances that are poorly controlled, giving it unpleasant organoleptic and physical aspects [6]. Face with this unpleasant situation, the population of Daloa township has turned to groundwater for their drinking water supply.
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