Assessment of the state of protein metabolism in highly productive cows with alimentary osteodistrophy

Abstract

Alimentary osteodystrophy occurs as a result of an unbalanced diet, which leads to a violation of metabolic processes, one of which is protein metabolism. The purpose of this study was to analyze the main indicators of protein metabolism, such as total protein, α - globulins, β - globulins, γ - globulins, as well as to determine the concentration of glycoproteins and sialic acids in highly productive cows with alimentary osteodystrophy. The research was carried out on the basis of a livestock complex in the Leningrad region and at the Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of the FSUE HE "SPbGUVM". To conduct the experiment, two groups of animals were formed using the method of pairs of analogues. The first control group consisted of clinically healthy animals in the amount of 15 heads. In the second - experimental group, animals with alimentary osteodystrophy in the amount of 15 heads. Blood was taken from cows from the tail vein into vacuum tubes. Before taking blood, clinical examination and thermometry of animals were performed.When analyzing the data obtained, a tendency was revealed to decrease the concentration of total protein in the group of sick animals, there was a decrease in albumins (significantly lower (p<0.05) by 1.8 times) compared with the group of healthy cows, as well as a significant increase in the blood content of alpha-globulins in the blood of sick cows by 2.4 times compared with healthy ones. The content of glycoproteins in sick animals was 1.8 times higher (p<0.05) than in healthy animals, the index of sialic acids was 3.4 times higher than in healthy cows (p<0.05). Thus, in the course of research, it was revealed that the state of alimentary osteodystrophy is accompanied by changes in the concentrations of indicators characterizing the protein metabolism of animals. Thus, highly productive cows diagnosed with alimentary osteodystrophy are characterized by an increase in the blood of the α-globulin fraction of proteins, which includes proteins of the acute and chronic stages of inflammation, as well as glycoproteins and sialic acids, which are a marker of the degree of destructive processes in connective and cartilage tissue.