Abstract
The article presents recommendations for assessing the heat and energy efficiency of a design solution for a building envelope based on the calculation of energy costs during typical periods of time. The recommendations are based on the analysis of defects in thermal protection of building envelopes during design and construction, by studying design documentation, thermal imaging, calculation and verification of building envelope components. Results of calculation of temperature in hazardous structural sites for the design winter conditions with the help of software that implements the finite element method are presented. In the present paper, the design solutions of the nodes of the walls of residential buildings are considered, where, during thermal imaging, thermal bridge are visible through the external walls. It is shown that the using of multilayer brick walls in the apartment houses in a sharply continental climate is irrational due to the rapid deterioration of the properties of the insulation layer. Also, the thermal protection of buildings is influenced by the design solution defects and violation of construction technology.
Highlights
The solution to the problem of increasing energy efficiency is inextricably linked with the problem of ecology
Thermal protection of the external walls depends on many factors – the walls constructive solution, the type of insulation layer, the mode of operation and the region of building
A study was conducted of the heat-shielding properties of the external walls in the natural conditions of buildings, the analysis of their calculated and actual values of the reduced resistance to heat transfer; identifying the dynamics of changes in the heatshielding properties of multi-layer exterior walls with effective insulation in various operating conditions
Summary
The solution to the problem of increasing energy efficiency is inextricably linked with the problem of ecology. It is one of the priorities for the development of Russia. To solve the problem of improving the energy efficiency of the building and economy of utilities that consumes more than 30% of the fuel and energy resources of our country, the Federal Law No 261 “On energy saving and energy efficiency” was adopted. Scientists in many countries [1–8] are engaged in the problem of saving energy. Thermal protection of the external walls depends on many factors – the walls constructive solution, the type of insulation layer, the mode of operation and the region of building
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