Assessment of the Impact of the Addition of Biomethanol to Diesel Fuel on the Coking Process of Diesel Engine Injectors

Piotr Orliński,Piotr Laskowski,Paweł Mazuruk,Magdalena Zimakowska-Laskowska

doi:10.3390/en15030688

Abstract

The paper presents unique research results on the effect of coking of diesel engine injector nozzles powered by mixtures of 10%, 20% and 30% biomethanol and diesel fuel compared to the engine being supplied with pure diesel fuel. The test results, obtained from an experiment conducted in accordance with the ISO 15550-1 standard, show the legitimacy of using biomethanol as an additive to diesel fuel due to the lower coking effect of the injector nozzles, which has a positive impact on the reduction of pollutant emissions during engine operation. Regarding the CEC PF-023 test, the tendency to reduce the coking tendency increases the percentage of biomethanol additive to diesel fuel. With a 10% share of biomethnol, the average coking effect of the injectors is over 1% lower, but with a share of 30% of bio-methanol, the coking effect is nearly 2% lower.

Highlights

Biomethanol to Diesel Fuel on the Transport is a significant contributor to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, which are constantly increasing
The environmental requirements regarding the limits for emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), nitrogen oxides (NOx ), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2 ), particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 ) and particle number (PN), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene and heavy metals emitted by vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines are driving engine design changes and improving fuel quality parameters
That the injectors were less prone to coking when fueling the engine with a mixture of diesel fuel with biomethanol compared to the engine with pure diesel fuel

Summary

Introduction

Biomethanol to Diesel Fuel on the Transport is a significant contributor to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, which are constantly increasing. The environmental requirements regarding the limits for emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), nitrogen oxides (NOx ), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2 ), particulate matter (PM10 , PM2.5 ) and particle number (PN), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene and heavy metals emitted by vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines are driving engine design changes and improving fuel quality parameters. Reducing pollutant emissions from the transport sector and establishing a market for clean vehicles is important for agglomeration zones facing difficulties in meeting the requirements of the new Directive on air quality and cleanliness for Europe [1]. The requirements of the Directive (EU) 2018/2001(REDII directive) of the European Parliament and of the Council (sets targets for the consumption of renewable energy sources in 2021–2030 and strongly promoted the production of biofuels) [2] and meeting the goal of climate neutrality (by 2050 zero greenhouse gas emissions) contribute to the need to search for new alternative fuels.

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