Assessment of the immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine as a major factor in the prevention of hepatitis B infection

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of the work was to study the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine as a major factor in the prevention of HBV infection.BackgroundMeasuring the level of hepatitis B surface antibodies in different age groups to determine the time of fading of hepatitis B surface antibodies and whether there is a need for a booster dose or not.Patients and methodsNinety random persons selected among those attending Menoufia Fever Hospital, Menoufia governorate, who were previously vaccinated with HBV vaccine, were classified into three groups.ResultsSignificantly, the seroprotection rate among vaccinated children up to 5 years was 70.0%, with a mean concentration of HBsAb of 139 mIU/ml; of them, 40.0% were over-responders (>100 mIU/ml), 30% were adequate responders (10-100 mIU/ml), and 30.0% were nonresponders.In the second group, the mean concentration of HBsAb was 70 mIU/ml, wherein 43.3% were considered responders; of them, 13.3% were over-responders, 30% were adequate responders, and 56.7% were nonresponders (HBsAb <10 mIU/ml). The HCW of the third group shows that the mean concentration of HBsAb was 639 mIU/ml; 20.0% were adequate responders and 80.0% were over-responders.ConclusionThe HBV vaccine has a major effect on the prophylaxis and the prevention of HBV infection. The HBV vaccine efficacy decreased with increasing age up to 18 years. There was 100% response in healthcare workers 5 years after vaccination.