ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK DUE TO MODIFICATION IN THE NITROGEN CIRCUMROTATION ECO-TECHNICAL SYSTEM FOR EGGS

Abstract

At the end of the 19th century Clarke (evidenced by Dobrovolskiy, 1990) finds that the lithosphere is chemically inhomogeneous, and Vernadsky (1923) proves that the chemical inhomogeneity is typical for the entire biosphere. When studying the eco-technical systems for eggs and meat the “Clarke of concentration” criterion has been applied to describe the movement of toxic elements in the following unit of the trophic chain: bioproducers /fodder + water/ - primary bioconsumers /poultry and their production/ /Baykov, B.,1987, Baykov & Tyrawska, 1991, Baykov, B.,1994. Baykov et al., 1996/Trials are carried out in an integrated two-module model of an eco-technical system for egg production. The two main types of trophic chains are modelled: pasture type and detritus type. Insufficiently effective use of nitric compounds from the ration for synthesis of specific egg whites is found.Concentration of total nitrogen in the manure, as well as high content of non-protein nitric, nitrite and ammonium nitrogen is proved in comparison with the amounts at the system inlet.The consequences of this distribution in the two products of the outflow /egg mass and manure/ for the human health and ecosystems are studied. The content of toxic non-protein compounds of nitrogen in the egg mass used as human food resource is below the admissible values in accordance with the EC Regulation on foods, and therefore the assessment shows that there is no direct risk for the human health.The indirect ecological risk related to the consequences from the linearity of technologies is significant: obtaining of manure with high content of nitric compounds, which are changed for all the three modelled technologies for manure use by increasing the non-protein nitrogen. Significant nitrogen losses are found in the two trial aerobic technologies for manure processing.It is most ecologically feasible to process manure in industrial biogas installation that ensures conditions for intensive and controlled anaerobic decomposition, where biogenic elements are fully preserved, where no greenhouse gas emissions are observed, and where, in addition to biosludge, which is an alternative of the highly energy consuming mineral manures, gas fuel is generated /biogas/.