Assessment of the cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and anti-lung carcinoma effects of Fe nanoparticles green-formulated by Silybum marianum leaf aqueous extract

Abstract

Silybum marianum has many therapeutic uses in pharmacology. Recently, the medicinal plants green-mediated iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) have been applied as new chemotherapeutic supplements for cancer treatment in pre-clinical trial studies. In the current research, iron nanoparticles were formulated based on green formulation rules by the S. marianum. The current iron NPs may be administrated as an anti-lung cancer material in humans after performing clinical research. The properties of iron NPs on lung cancer cells were assessed. The green-formulated iron NPs were characterized by chemical techniques mean transmission electron microscopes (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The FE-SEM findings prove the morphology of spherical NPs with a size of 14.1 to 54.8 nm. The absorbance presence at the wavelength of 271 nm indicated the Fe nanoparticles green synthesis in the UV–Vis spectrometer. The IC50 of the iron nanoparticles was 188, 211, 250, and 280 against NCI-H661, NCI-H1975, NCI-H1573, and NCI-H1563 cancer cells, respectively. The best result of the anti-lung cancer effects was seen against NCI-H661. The findings revealed that the NPs prevented lung carcinoma cells higher than normal cells.