Assessment of the composition and removal of nutrients from tubers of anthocyanin-containing potato varieties in the central region of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation

Abstract

Relevance. Optimization of the mineral nutrition of plants of anthocyanin-containing potato varieties requires an analysis of their yield, elemental composition and nutrient removal. In the work, these indicators were studied for three varieties with different colors of the pulp of tubers (Gala, Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie).Methods. The research was carried out in a single-factor experiment on the experimental field of the Tver State Agricultural Academy in 2023 on well-cultivated sod — medium podzolic light loamy soil. 3 varieties have been studied: Gala, Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie . The repetition in the experiment is 3 times. Intensive cultivation technology was observed. The yield of tubers, the content of dry matter, crude ash, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt and boron in them — according to standard methods prescribed in the relevant GOST standards. The content of calcium and magnesium in tubers was determined by the complexometric method.Results. The anthocyanin-containing varieties Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie were characterized by higher yields (by 4.2–5.2 t/ha) and the content of nitrogen, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt and boron in tubers than in the Gala variety. Due to this, they were distinguished by a higher removal of two macronutrients — nitro-gen (76.14–77.28 kg/ha) and calcium (1.95–2.78 kg/ha), five trace elements — iron (112.63–151.29 g/ha), copper (18.79–20.41 g/ha), zinc (66.65–69.84 g/ha), cobalt (0.75–0.77 g/ha) and boron (29.19–37.46 g/ha). The obtained removal indicators can be used to calculate the approximate doses of fertilizers.