Abstract
BackgroundThe matter of antimicrobial resistance evokes the urgency to explore alternatives to the antibiotics traditionally used for microbial infections. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of the antibacterial effect of Khaya senegalensis liable for bacterial strains responsible for diarrheal infections.ResultsThe data collected indicate that the bacterial strains tested (Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp.) were sensitive to the extracts of Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A.Juss. (aqueous and hydro-ethanol) to varying degrees. The hydro-ethanolic extract was active on all strains with a MIC of 25 mg/mL coupled with a bactericidal effect. The aqueous extract was only active on the Salmonella spp. strain. Membrane permeability test data show that Khaya senegalensis extracts affect the bacterial strains tested by attacking the stability of their outer membrane. This potential indicated by the high percentage of membrane destabilization of the bacteria is significantly (p < 0.05) better than that of cefixime used as a reference.ConclusionThis study revealed that Khaya senegalensis destroys Gram-bacteria by attacking the stability of their cytoplasmic membrane. These data provide for the first time the mode of action of Khaya senegalensis extracts concerning their antibacterial activity.
Highlights
The matter of antimicrobial resistance evokes the urgency to explore alternatives to the antibiotics traditionally used for microbial infections
Phytochemical composition Data collected for the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leuco-anthocyanins, alkaloid, mucilage, reducing compounds and saponosides in the powder of stem bark of K. senegalensis
Sensitivity test Aqueous and Hydro-ethanolic extracts of K. senegalensis were tested against E. coli American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25922, Salmonella Typhimirium ATCC 14028, Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp
Summary
The matter of antimicrobial resistance evokes the urgency to explore alternatives to the antibiotics traditionally used for microbial infections. Infectious diseases constitute a serious public ill health thanks to their frequency and gravity especially in developing countries (Bourgeois et al 2016). Among these diseases, diarrheal diseases are the foremost fatal, especially in children from West Africa. Diarrheal diseases are the foremost fatal, especially in children from West Africa These diarrheal diseases are liable for 1.8 million deaths annually worldwide where 90% are children under the age of five living in developing countries (Bryce et al 2005). A clinical distinction is made between diarrheal episodes caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli and those caused by rotavirus or Cryptosporidium against which antimicrobial drugs
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