Assessment of Teratogenecity and Embryo Toxicity of Dye Wastewater Untreated Sludge from Sanganer on Swiss Albino Mice when Administered during Growth Period of Gestation

Himani A

doi:10.4172/2157-7420.1000111

Abstract

Water and soil pollution is inherited through the uncontrolled and indiscriminate discharge of pollutants from domestic, commercial and industrial sources into water bodies. This is visible everywhere and the water pollution problem is progressively mounting in our country. The present investigation was carried out to study the toxic effects of non treated sludge leachate from textile and dye industries treated in Sanganer, Rajasthan on lactation, weaning and neonatal growth in mice. Two groups of ten pregnant Swiss albino mice each were given sludge leachate of 0.1% and 0.01% dilution with water and libitum from 15th day of gestation till lactation and weaning to cover the critical period of growth. Weight gain of the dams, weight gained by the neonates, sex ratio, viability index, growth index, weaning index were recorded and external malformations were examined. Maternal toxicity due to sludge leachate was evident by significant reduction in body weight gain, substantial loss of body fur and restlessness. Neonatal toxicity was evident by decreased average body weight gain, reduced viability index and weaning index accompanied with retarded growth and vigorous neck movement.

Highlights

IntroductionAbout 10,000 of dyes are known out of which over 5,000 are commercial products
Dying of clothes has been in vogue for long period and it is practiced as cottage industry in many parts of India
The untreated sludge leachate from Sanga Nallah at the tested dose levels produced maternal toxicity

Summary

Introduction

About 10,000 of dyes are known out of which over 5,000 are commercial products. These chemicals have got potential to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plants, property and the environment, in general. They may be toxic, highly reactive, explosive or inflammable or may have the combination of these characteristics. Sludge and other waste materials become a cause of concern. Textile mill effluents have been of major concern in water pollution primarily because of discharge of large qualities of effluents in the nearby water bodies causing health hazards. Many processes involve several steps each contributing a particular type of waste

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Conclusion