Assessment of Structural Transformations Factors in the Agro-food Complex of Russia

Abstract

The article analyzes the factors that influence structural changes in the value chains of the national agro-food system. The analysis of the dynamic and structural functioning characteristics of the agro-food complex of Russia made it possible to assess the impact of the identified factors on the status of food security, the competitiveness of national producers, and the effectiveness of the state regulatory system. The positive dynamics of agricultural and food production have stabilized the situation on the national food market and increased the level of self-sufficiency in basic food products.The material and financial balance of the agro-food complex is justified as an important factor of its sustainable development in changing economic conditions. The authors have analyzed the causes of the mismatch of material and financial proportions in the agro-food complex of Russia and revealed a significant impact of the growth of world prices for agricultural raw materials and food products in 2020 on the formation of the material and financial balance proportions of intersectoral food chains. The uneven dynamics of prices in the agricultural sector, processing industries, and industries that produce means of production for the agro-food complex contributed to the violation of the parity of intersectoral relations in the food chains of the Russian agro-food complex.The assessment of the level of protection of national producers based on the indicators used by the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) and FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization) allowed revealing a steady trend of declining support for agriculture in Russia, while the level of support for the agricultural sector in the USA and the European Union is constantly growing. This has an impact on the competitiveness of national producers, as well as trends in the modernization of the agro-food complex structure.The identified factors allow substantiating the short-term and long-term strategic priorities for the development of the Russian agro-food complex, ways to implement them taking into account national development goals, as well as opportunities for the full use of their competitive potential.