Abstract
Assessment of splanchnic tissue perfusion in intensive care patients has gained an increased interest for several reasons. The splanchnic region seems to have an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction and failure. Several common clinical events and routine therapeutic modalities modify splanchnic blood flow and tissue perfusion: hypotension, hypovolaemia, low cardiac output, blood flow maldistribution and positive pressure ventilation may all reduce splanchnic blood flow. Use of vasoactive drugs may redistribute cardiac output in an unpredictable way and, specifically, adrenergic agents may increase metabolic demands in the splanchnic region. Blood flow responses may also be modified by the underlying clinical condition. All these factors may induce a mismatch between splanchnic oxygen delivery and demand. Methods to measure splanchnic blood flow directly are not available for routine clinical use. Indirect methods that have been proposed for clinical routine include measurement ...
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