Abstract
Shifts in the economic environment are associated with the transition to a new technological order. The nascent production model is based on the creation of fundamentally new schemes of economic cooperation between economic entities. In addition, the current structural industrial crisis, exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic, leads to a general decline in business activity, and a decrease in the growth of regional economies. One of the forms of organizing and supporting regional entrepreneurship, which can ensure the coordination of the process of interaction of economic entities on the way from general competition to general cooperation, is the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. The aim of the study is to determine the presence of a connection between the level of development of a region's entrepreneurial ecosystem and the general level of its economic development. The research hypotheses are as follows: H1 - the higher the level of development of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem, the higher the level and dynamics of development of the regional economy as a whole; H2 - a subject with a more developed entrepreneurial ecosystem "lures" resources and participants of neighboring ecosystems. The objects of the research are the regional economies of 79 regions of the Russian Federation in 2005-2019. To confirm the first hypothesis, a cluster analysis of the studied subjects was carried out, dividing them into four cluster groups according to the concept of the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems. To confirm the second hypothesis, we calculated the paired correlation and covariance coefficients between the deviations of the fertility rates of organizations and the rates of official liquidation by region. It has been established that regions with mature entrepreneurial ecosystems have higher indicators of economic development, as well as other key indicators of the quality of development of the region's entrepreneurial ecosystem. It was not possible to statistically confirm the second of the theses put forward. Fertility rates and the official liquidation of organizations for the subjects under study changed mainly in the same direction, that is, under the influence of the same factors. This idea is confirmed by the calculation of the pair correlation coefficients. Despite the absence of a statistical possibility of substantiating the second hypothesis of the study, the relationship between the level of development of the region's entrepreneurial ecosystem and the general level of regional economic development has been established. The results obtained can be applied in planning and forecasting the economic development of regional economies.
Highlights
Increasing the number of high growth firms (HGFs) is a major focus for industry policy in developed countries
Over the past twenty years there has been an escalation in both the quantity of policy initiatives and the level of funding committed to these activities in a process termed the ‘developmental’ state (Rodrik, 2004; Block, 2008). These changes can be summarised as a shift from traditional enterprise policies to growth-oriented enterprise policies and has involved significant changes in the unit of focus, how it operates and how it interconnects with other policies. This has resulted in a gradual change, varying across different countries, towards a much greater focus on support for growth-oriented entrepreneurship as outlined in Table 1, The consequence is that policy makers across the OECD are strongly focused on promoting high growth firms (HGFs) (OECD, 2010; 2013)
The rationale for this focus is that HGFs are thought to drive productivity growth, create new employment, increase innovation and promote business internationalization (OECD, 2013; Brown et al, 2014)
Summary
Background paper prepared for the workshop organised by the OECD LEED Programme and the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs on Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Growth Oriented Entrepreneurship. This has resulted in a gradual change, varying across different countries, towards a much greater focus on support for growth-oriented entrepreneurship as outlined, The consequence is that policy makers across the OECD are strongly focused on promoting high growth firms (HGFs) (OECD, 2010; 2013) The rationale for this focus is that HGFs are thought to drive productivity growth, create new employment, increase innovation and promote business internationalization (OECD, 2013; Brown et al, 2014). An influential UK study covering the period 2002-2008 found that HGFs represented about 6% of the total number of businesses (termed ‘the vital six percent’) but created 54% of all net new jobs in the UK (Anyadike-Danes et al, 2009) The majority of these HGFs were small (less than 50 employees) but well established (over five years old). Increasing the supply of risk finance initiatives is a key feature of these policy frameworks (Mason, 2009; Lerner, 2009; 2010; OECD, 2010)
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