ASSESSMENT OF RELATION BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND MACULAR DEGENERATION

Abstract

Background and Aim: Oral pathogens have been identied in bioptic specimens from Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) patients, and alveolar bone loss has been related to ARMD. Periodontal diseases are leading cause of tooth loss. The present study was conducted to assess relation between periodontal disease and macular degeneration. Material and Methods: Present study was performed in 200 patients at the department of Periodontics. Demographic data was recorded. Community periodontal index (CPI) probe was used for oral examination. AMD was diagnosed based on criteria such as presence of soft indistinct drusen orreticular drusen and presence of hard or soft distinct drusen with pigmentary abnormalities in the absence of late AMD. Results: Out of 200 patients, males were 115 and females were 85. One Hundred and Twenty two patients had periodontal diseases (61%) and 17 (8.5%) had AMD. Among AMD patients, 11 had habit of smoking, 9 were hypertensive, 13 had anemia and 6 had cardiovascular disease. Serum HDL level was 54.5 mg/dl, serum ferritin level was 105.1 ng/ml and BMI was 27.9 Kg/m2. The difference between AMD and non AMD was signicant (P< 0.05). Conclusion:AMD patients had severe periodontal diseases as compared to non AMD patients. An understanding of the inuence of oral health on AMD may aid in limiting the disease's visual manifestations in the growing elderly population.