Assessment of relation between periodontal disease and macular degeneration- A clinical study

Abstract

Background: Periodontal diseases are leading cause of tooth loss. The assessment of correlation between periodontal disease and macular degeneration was performed. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 178 patients who underwent ophthalmologic examinations and oral examination with community periodontal index (CPI) probe. AMD was diagnosed based on criteria such as presence of soft indistinct drusen orreticular drusen and presence of hard or soft distinct drusen with pigmentary abnormalities in the absence of late AMD. Results: There were 102 males and 76 females. 61.3 % (108) patients had periodontal diseases and 8.4% (15) had AMD. Among AMD patients, habit of smoking (10), hypertensive (8), anemia (12) and cardiovascular disease (5) was evident. Serum HDL level was 54.2 mg/dl, serum ferritin level was 104.6 ng/ml and BMI was 28.4 Kg/m2. AMD patients had severe periodontal diseases in 7, moderate in 3 and 2 in mild, non AMD had 1 moderate and 2 in severe periodontal diseases. The difference between AMD and non AMD was significant (P< 0> Conclusion: AMD patients had severe periodontal diseases as compared to non AMD patients. Keywords: Macular degeneration, Periodontal diseases, Smoking.