Assessment of productivity and adaptability of Camelina Sativa varieties

Abstract

The aim of this research is to assess the varieties of winter camelina in terms of productivity and adaptability in a contrast agroclimatic environment of the Middle Volga region and the region of steppe Crimea in 2016–2018. The climate of the Middle Volga region is moderately continental. The precipitation varies from 350 to 750 mm a year. The average year temperature is 5.3 °C. The climate of the steppe Crimea region is continental. The average year temperature here is 15.1 °C and the precipitation varies between 350 and 450 mm a year. In average the yield of different camelina varieties fluctuated between 1.59 and 1.83 t/ha, depending on the environment condition index (Ii -0.19–0.46). In the Penza region, the Kozir and Baron varieties gave the biggest yield with the productivity of crops equal to 1.80 and 1.83 t/ha respectively. In Crimea, the biggest yield was given by the Dikiy variety (1.74 t/ha). The variability of productivity is low at 7.4–10.1% and medium at 11.5–13.2%. The Baron variety has a low variation factor (7.4 and 11.5%) regardless of a cultivation region. All varieties had high stability which was 1.20–1.25 and 1.30–1.46 depending on a region. The Baron and Kozir varieties had the highest stability reaching 1.46 and 1.25 respectively. All varieties had a high index of stability for this crop, equal to 0.50–0.59. Camelina is tolerant of all stress factors and forms a stable yield in different cultivation conditions. All varieties showed a great ecological adaptivity and flexibility with the bi values equal to 1 and varying between 0.92–1.07. The most stable and flexible variety in the case of the Penza region is Baron (bi=0.92; σdr2=0.07) while in the region of Crimea it is Kozir (bi=0.99; σdr2=0.07). The Dikiy variety has high adaptivity parameters in both regions (bi=0.93–0.97; σdr2=0.06). The variance analysis showed that the share of “variety” factor influence is from 38.4% (the Penza region) to 39.2% (Crimea). In the variety-region relationship the influence of a variety is 40.6%. The share of “years” factor influence is 21.7–24.6%, depending on a region.