Abstract
ABSTRACT There are around 300 night markets in Taiwan, and they have been drawing an increasing number of tourists in recent years. As a result, public awareness over air quality in the night markets has grown tremendously. In response to this, a specific night market in Kaohsiung City was chosen for this study in order to characterize the existing air quality in and around the night markets. In this present study, we employed an Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (ISCST3) air quality model for the simulation of PM2.5 diffusions. The model as a technique can simulate the pollutants emissions, diffusions, transportation, and pollution sources in specific areas and subsequently evaluate the influence between the source and the receiver. Therefore, we compared pollutants emissions data from several air quality monitoring stations with our sampling data of three different sampling sites in Kaohsiung City. The findings of this study showed that the average concentration of PM2.5 was in the range of 29–61 µg m–3 during opening hours of the night market, whereas the average concentration of PM2.5 range was between 22–38 µg m–3 before the night market opening hours. The concentration of metallic elements (ME) (Mg, Na, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, Ba, Cd, Pb and Ca) was determined with the support of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). During the night market opening hours, the result disclosed that the ME concentrations in PM2.5 was in an increasing order as follows: Na > Fe > Al > Ca. With respect to the concentration of carbonaceous species, our results showed that the highest total carbon (TC) concentration was found to be 6.52 µg m–3 during the downwind sampling interval. The highest elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentration were found to be 6.53 µg m–3 and 2.70 µg m–3 of the PM2.5 concentration, respectively. This study’s findings have significant consequences for Taiwan policymakers and urban planners, particularly those responsible for coordinating environmental protection and economic development in cities. Therefore, policy actions to abate urban air pollution can be attained on diverse governing echelons, resulting in synergistic effects such as a reduction in climate change impacts.
Highlights
According to the World Urbanization Prospect 2018 Revision, Asia and Africa's megacities are expected to experience a population rise of over 90% by 2050
Bajoghli (2019) explored AERMOD and ISCST3 models for the simulations of pollutant dispersion from factory chimneys. They demonstrated that AERMOD was exceptional as compares to ISCST3, ISCST3 calls for less input data, which was advantageous for small-area investigations
This study provides some new insights into the assessment of PM2.5 chemical composition and air quality monitoring
Summary
According to the World Urbanization Prospect 2018 Revision, Asia and Africa's megacities are expected to experience a population rise of over 90% by 2050. Along with the increase in Aerosol and Air Quality Research | https://aaqr.org population, cities economic growth activities have increased pollution levels from many industries (Jiang et al, 2021; Kumari and Toshiwal, 2020). According to the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency's air quality monitor, Kaohsiung City has by far the greatest ratio of poor air quality days to the total monitored days in Taiwan. In the heavily inhabited City of Kaohsiung, some of the considerable population concentrations are situated in the vicinity of several night markets. The night market is a very crowded outdoor cooking setting where many residents and visitors spend a significant amount of time. Excellent air quality at night markets improves the experience of market visitors, but it safeguards market personnel and customers from exposure to detrimental air contaminants
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