Abstract
This study investigated the variation of outdoor air temperature in the shaded area covered by buildings in an urban university campus in Malaysia. In-situ field measurements were conducted to measure the distribution of outdoor air temperature at eight different locations for seven days. Meanwhile, the building-induced shadows were generated using the AutoCAD Revit software to investigate the air temperature change. The study used four urban morphological parameters namely building to greenery ratio, sky view factor (SVF), and height-to-street width (H/W) ratio. The relationship between building-induced shadow and outdoor air temperature (Tout) obtained from the in-situ measurement was investigated. The results showed that the building-induced shadows could lower air temperature. It can be noted that a high ratio of building to greenery resulted in a higher air temperature. In contrast, the area with a low SVF value due to the combination of prolonged shading by buildings and trees had a lower air temperature. Thus, the area with a high building ratio, low greenery ratio, higher SVF value, and low H/W ratio potentially has a higher outdoor air temperature. Conclusively, combination of building shading created by appropriate ratio of building morphology and sufficient greenery able to improve the microclimate of a campus area.
Highlights
Urbanization uplifts the technological livelihood of urban inhabitants, the process has significant impacts on urban environment and urban climate
Changing urban morphology has contributed to urban climate change
To date, growing attention is given to the investigation of the relationship between urban morphological parameters and microclimate characteristics [2,3,4,5,6]
Summary
Urbanization uplifts the technological livelihood of urban inhabitants, the process has significant impacts on urban environment and urban climate. The SVF of an urban canyon geometry is essentially correlated with radiation, air [29], and the humidity–water estimation that explains the heat island development In this regard, a low SVF reduces the UHI effect by reducing the nighttime temperature and increasing the diurnal shading effect [13,30]. SVF has become the main parameter of interest among researchers especially in cities characterized by the hot and humid climate [33,34] Such studies are crucial to propose and implement mitigation strategies of the UHI effect and increase the thermal comfort level among urban inhabitants. This study is focused on the building shading effect on the shaded areas covered and affected by building-induced shadows
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