Assessment of nutrient status, macro faunal diversity and microbial isolates in date palm plantation in Damaturu Yobe State, Nigeria

Abstract

This research assessed nutrient status, macro-faunal diversity and microbial isolates in the soil of date palm plantation in Mai Sandari Damaturu, Yobe State. Parameters evaluated include; data on nutrient status of soils, assemblage and diversity of soil macro invertebrates and assemblage of microbial isolates based on growth performances of the date palm. The plantation was divided according to growth variabilities. Eighteen (18) auger points were taken, six (6) in each performance site based on the corresponding variability as observed. Soil samples were collected within same points for physicochemical analysis, microbial isolates and for soil macro-invertebrates ‘identification and enumeration. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare results of nutrient status of soils and to test for significant differences in nutrient concentration of the soils samples, mean separation was done using Least Significant Difference (LSD). Soil macro-invertebrate assemblage was analyzed for diversity indices of species using relevant formulae. Nutrient agar medium at 105 dilutions inoculated in a petri-dishes and incubated at 30±10°C for 2-5 days for bacteria colonies, while for fungi and actinomycetes, sabaurond dextrose agar was used at 25°C for 5-7 days and afterward microorganisms per colony forming units (Cfu) were counted. Analysis of variance for the soil parameters tested at p≤ 0.05 level of significance showed no significant differences in all the parameters of soil physical properties based on growth performance sites. However, organic carbon, organic matter and TN vary significantly after the post-hoc tests across growth performance sites in chemical properties (p ≤ 0.05). Results showed a total of 2646 macro fauna scattered within the study area. Eleven (11) families of macro fauna were also identified in the study. Results from the study area showed that the area is highly rich in microorganisms. A total of 5096 colonies were scattered within 10 families in the study area. The finding of this study revealed that there was no significant difference among the physical properties across the study site leading to the conclusion that soil physical properties may not have been responsible for the observed differences in the growth of the Date Palm Plantation. A different pattern was however observed in the values of the chemical properties of the plantation where significant differences exist in organic carbon, organic matter and total nitrogen across these sites. Based on the findings of the study it is recommended that all application of agrochemicals except fertilizers in the plantation should be suspended until evidence of their efficiency on the palm trees is shown.