Assessment of menstrual blood loss in Brazilian users of the frameless copper-releasing IUD with copper surface area of 330 mm 2 and the frameless levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system

Abstract

Objective This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two types of IUDs on the amount of menstrual blood loss (MBL): the frameless copper-releasing intrauterine device (IUD) with copper surface area of 330 mm 2 (GyneFix®; Contrel Research, Ghent, Belgium) and the frameless levonorgestrel (LNG)-releasing intrauterine system (IUS) releasing 14 μg per day (FibroPlant™-LNG; Contrel Research). Heavy and abnormal MBL is the main reason for discontinuation of intrauterine devices. Methods In 20 Brazilian women using GyneFix 330 and 32 using FibroPlant-LNG, respectively, MBL was measured by the quantitative alkaline hematin technique. In addition, ferritin levels were measured in GyneFix 330 and FibroPlant-LNG users. Results MBL with GyneFix 330, measured over a 24-month period, increased but was less when compared with TCu380A. Ferritin levels with GyneFix 330 were not affected in contrast with TCu380A. In FibroPlant-LNG users, mean MBL decreased by about 90% and ferritin levels increased significantly. Conclusions The authors confirm earlier reports that, especially for women with low body iron stores and heavy menstrual bleeding, there is an order of preference for IUD use to minimize MBL. The choice should first be a progestin-releasing IUS, then a copper IUD, which has the least effect on menstrual bleeding, such as the frameless GyneFix IUD.