Assessment of Meniere's disease from a radiological aspect – saccular otoconia as a cause of Meniere's disease?

Abstract

Conclusion: Significant reduced visualization of the reuniting duct (ductus reuniens; RD), saccular duct (SD) and endolymphatic sinus (ES) in Meniere's disease (MD) compared with normal control ears on three-dimensional (3D) CT imaging suggests the blockage of endolymphatic flow there with radiodense substances, which may be explained by dislodged otoconia from the saccule. These structures could be involved in the pathogenesis of MD. Objective: This study was designed to visualize and assess the RD, SD and ES in patients with MD using 3D CT. Methods: Sixty-two patients with a definite diagnose of unilateral MD, based on criteria proposed by the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), were compared with contralateral ears and normal controls (26 ears) using 3D CT. The RD, SD and ES were scrutinized for patency on 3D CT images. Results: MD ears showed loss of continuity of the RD, SD and ES based on evaluation of 3D CT images, and differed significantly from normal healthy control ears (p < 0.01).