Abstract
SummaryThis paper analyzes Japan's optimal power generation mix considering massive deployment of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind power generation. The extensive introduction of PV systems and wind power system is expected to play an important role in addressing energy security and climate change concerns in Japan. Considering this expected large‐scale deployment of PV systems in the electric power system, it is necessary to investigate the optimal power generation mix which is technologically capable of controlling and accommodating the intermittent output‐power fluctuations inherent in PV and wind energy systems. Against these backgrounds, we develop an optimal power generation mix model, explicitly analyzing the impact of output fluctuation in variable renewables in the detailed resolution of time intervals like 10 minutes for 365 consecutive days, with the role of stationary battery technology incorporated. Simulation results reveal that considerable deployment of those variable renewables does not necessarily require a scale of battery capacity similar to that of the variable renewable capacity, due to quick load‐following treatment by thermal power plants, pumped‐storage hydropower, and battery technology over renewable output fluctuation.
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