Abstract
Genetic diversity among 13 tropical nondiapausing silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) genotypes was estimated with simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)- single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) markers. Seven SSR primers from silkworm genome and the eight mtDNA primers from the conserved regions of 16S and 12S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome oxidase I, II and III, and cytochrome B revealed considerable genetic distance among the 13 silkworm genotypes. The heterozygosity generated by the seven pairs of SSR primers varied from 0.098 to 0.396. The eight pairs of mtDNA primers developed 2 to 10 haplotypes per primer sets. The dendrogram from these markers grouped the silkworm genotypes into different groups, from which potential parents could be selected for developing hybrids for commercial exploitations. Based on cocoon characters and the genetic diversity analysis, Kollegal Jawan was identified as a parent that can be crossed with either BL-23 or Mysore Princess for developing high yielding silkworms to rear commercially during summer and rain seasons.
Highlights
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, (Bombycidae; Bombycoidea) comprises a large number of traditional genotypes, and modern hybrids and breeding lines developed through systematic breeding
The present study, with simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers, revealed considerable genetic diversity among the 13 non diapausing silkworm genotypes that were developed in India, China and Bangladesh
Present study deals only with the genetic diversity among 13 breeding lines of nondiapausing silkworms with goal to utilize them for developing hybrids suitable for tropical sericultural zones during summer and rainy seasons
Summary
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, (Bombycidae; Bombycoidea) comprises a large number of traditional genotypes, and modern hybrids and breeding lines developed through systematic breeding. These silkworm genotypes differ much in terms of their geographic origin, morphology, and qualitative and quantitative traits. In order to improve the productivity of silk, attempts are being made to improve the nondiapausing silkworms through genetic manipulations and systematic breeding. It is essential to know the genetic diversity present in the breeding stocks as that will enable the breeder to select appropriate parents depending on the goal of the breeding program
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