Abstract
Background: Patients after undergoing ischemic stroke have a high risk of further cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidents. Monitoring risk factors is critical to prevent the recurrence of CVD. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine differences in the incidence of risk factors for CVD in a post-ischemic stroke patient group (SG) compared to the control group, which had not undergone ischemic stroke (CG), and to characterize them using the ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) classification system. Materials and Methods: The incidence of risk factors for recurrent CVD events were retrospectively analyzed in 55 patients in SG and 55 patients in CG. The results were translated into categories from the ICF classification system. Results: Atrial fibrillation (p = 0.013), carotid artery stenosis > 50% (p < 0.001), LDL > 71 mg/dL (p < 0.001), heart rate > 80/min (p = 0.007), taking NOAC (p = 0.008) and NSAIDs (p < 0.001) as well as nicotinism (p = 0.001) were significantly more common in SG compared to CG. The value of the distribution of the total incidence of CVD risk factors were observed to be higher for SG than for CG. In SG, both for males (p < 0.001) and females (p < 0.001) more risk factors for recurrent CVD incidents were observed compared to CG. Conclusions: Patients in SG differ in the occurrence of risk factors for CVD event compared to CG. The use of a single tool, such as the ICF assessment sheet, can be useful in assessing and analyzing risk factors for recurrent CVD events. This may help to reduce the risk of subsequent CVD events in secondary prevention.
Highlights
Patients who undergone ischemic stroke are at a high risk of further cardiovascular disease (CVD) events [1]
The first stage was to analyze the incidence of risk factors for a recurrent CVD incident based on the clinical examination, and results of the additional tests included in medical documentation such as laboratory tests, medical imagings, measurements of blood pressure, and electrocardiograms
Patients in the post-ischemic stroke group differ in the type and number of risk factors for a reoccurrence of a CVD event compared to gender and control group
Summary
Patients who undergone ischemic stroke are at a high risk of further cardiovascular disease (CVD) events [1]. The overall 1-year and 10-year risks of recurrence were 4% and. The 1-year and 10-year risks of mortality were 17% after a first-time ischemic stroke and 25% and after a recurrent stroke. According to World Health Organization (WHO) experts, nearly 80% of repeated CVD events could be avoided if the main risk factors were removed [3]. Strong evidence suggests that effective prevention strategies may reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events, thereby decreasing mortality rates and improving morbidity, disability outcomes, and quality of life—provided that intervention is administered early enough [4]. The commonly known modifiable risk factors for recurrent
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