Assessment of changes in the content of toxic elements (Pb, As, Hg, Cd) in aboveground parts of wheat Triticum vulgare Vill under the influence of insertion into the soil an aqueous suspension of humic acids with different forms of iron

Abstract

Lack of iron leads to a weakening of plant growth and lower yields. A promising solution to this problem is the use of nanoparticles of iron, iron oxides as biostimulators of growth of agricultural plants. However, the special properties of nanoparticles can enhance the mechanisms associated with toxic effects on living organisms, lead to trace elements. The response of plants to the impact of iron is highly variable and depends on their genotype and species. Literature data on the influence of fine iron particles on the elemental composition of the plant species Triticum vulgare Vill (soft wheat) is not enough, in addition, virtually no study of the interaction of these particles with natural sorbents - humic acids, which control the bioavailability and transport of elements in natural objects. Therefore, the article presents data on the content of toxic elements (As, Hg, Cd, Pb) in the aboveground part of wheat plants Triticum vulgare Vill. Wheat is cultivated in the soil under the influence of aqueous solutions Fe0 spherical iron nanoparticles (diameter of 80 ± 5 nm), magnetite Fe3O4 (50- 80 nm width and a height of 4-10 nm), ionic forms of diand trivalent iron sulphate with addition of humic acids isolated from the brown coal of the Tulgan deposit. The results of the study showed that under the influence of iron and magnetite nanoparticles, the replacement of more toxic mercury with less toxic cadmium is observed, but the total number of these elements remains constant. An aqueous solution of trivalent iron sulfate with a concentration of 0.0001 g/l contributes to the maximum reduction of toxic elements (lead, arsenic, mercury and cadmium) in the aboveground part of wheat plant.