Abstract
BackgroundAtherosclerosis is a systemic disease affecting the coronary, carotid, and lower limb arteries. Cerebrovascular accidents and lower limb ischemia are devastating postoperative complications. We aimed to evaluate the role of non-selective routine arterial duplex scanning in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsThis non-randomized clinical trial included 360 patients scheduled for elective isolated CABG who were divided into two groups: low-risk (n = 180) and high-risk (n = 180). Both groups underwent preoperative carotid and lower limb ultrasound screening for associated arteriopathy.Results16 (8.9%) patients and 22 (12.2%) patients showed ≥70% carotid artery stenosis while 11 patients (6.1%) and 20 patients (11.1%) showed ≥50% lower limb arterial stenosis in the low-risk group and the high-risk group, respectively; though the difference was not statistically significant in both the cases (p > 0.1).ConclusionRoutine preoperative peripheral arterial screening by sonography is a feasible and effective strategy to avoid unnecessary post CABG complications.Trial registrationNCT03516929, Registered in 24 th of April 2018.
Highlights
Atherosclerosis is widely known as a “systemic” disease that affects many arterial systems in the body
We considered peak systolic velocity greater or equal to 2.0 as ‘significant’
A total of 360 patients were assessed for eligibility and all were enrolled in this study with no single case of protocol violation
Summary
Atherosclerosis is widely known as a “systemic” disease that affects many arterial systems in the body. Both coronary and carotid circulations have many similarities like fatty deposits and plaque formation [1]. Diabetes, Stroke is a serious adverse event following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with an incidence of 1.3 to 2.0% and relatively high mortality of up to 38% [3]. It is associated with increased cardiovascular events, prolonged hospital stay, and expensive health care interventions. We aimed to evaluate the role of non-selective routine arterial duplex scanning in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
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