Assessment of Biochemical Parameters as Indicators of Protein Energy Malnutrition in Turkish Children: A Comprehensive and Retrospective Study

Abstract

This study aims to address this research gap by meticulously analyzing the biochemical parameters of children aged 0-59 months diagnosed with Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) within the confines of a state hospital over a two-year period. This study is a retrospective study evaluating the biochemistry and hormone laboratory findings of 302 children aged 0-59 months who were diagnosed with Protein Energy Malnutrition between the years 2020-2022 in the pediatric health and diseases clinic of Iğdır State Hospital. This study investigated the distribution of various biochemical parameters in children diagnosed with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and explored their significance within this context. The findings, based on reference values, revealed substantial proportions of children with abnormal values for iron, immunoglobulin (IgM and IgA), liver enzymes (ALT and AST), creatinine, CRP, and vitamin D. Gender-based differences were observed for calcium, IgM, Folate, and TSH, with notable variations between male and female children. Correlations between age and various parameters were identified, underscoring the complex interplay between developmental stages and biochemical values. The study highlights the importance of addressing deficiencies, potential complications, and demographic influences in managing PEM. The absence of demographic data integration in existing studies serves as a limitation, emphasizing the need for comprehensive research in this domain. Overall, these insights contribute to a deeper understanding of biochemical dynamics in children with PEM, aiding targeted interventions for improved health outcomes.