Abstract
Flash boiling drastically alters the characteristics of spray atomization and plume structure, which could impose challenges for modern propulsion systems design regarding fuel/air mixture formation and emission performances. Numerical simulations serve as effective tools to understand and predict flash boiling sprays for modern engine applications. This study carried out Eulerian-Lagrangian spray simulation campaigns for two gasoline injectors, and realistic single-composite and multi-component fuel models were used instead of simple surrogates. A validated effervescent breakup model was adopted to account for the non-trivial breakup mechanism induced by bubble nucleation within the liquid droplets. Effects of key model parameters were discussed in detail to propose a consistent set of model constants, and comprehensive validation was achieved against near- and far-field spray experiments. The effervescent breakup model has demonstrated satisfactory effectiveness, and the numerical findings also highlight the necessity of employing real fuel properties for spray analysis.
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