Assessment of agricultural techniques of grape cultivation in arid conditions of southern Russia based on analysis of variance

Abstract

The aim of the research was to assess the effectiveness of agricultural techniques for growing table grapes in the arid conditions of southern Russia. The research is relevant, since the improvement of agricultural techniques for growing grapes improves its growth and development, marketability of products, and increases plant resistance to diseases. The experiments were carried out in a vineyard located on the light chestnut soils of the Astrakhan region. The number of grape bushes is 1250.0 pieces/hectare. Water-soluble fertilizers were tested separately and in combination on plantings of table grape varieties of early, middle and late ripening. The concentration of aqueous solutions of fertilizers was 0.3 % for Plantafol and 0.1 % for Boroplus. The high efficiency of foliar dressings is achieved when they are carried out in certain phases of the plant’s growing season. The background was a mineral fertilizer - Ca(H2PO4) 2 × H2O at the end of each growing season (60.0 kg a. s./he), as well as N16P16K16 (64.0 kg a. s./he) before bud break and before flowering. A strong dependence of the efficiency of growing grapes on the interaction of varietal samples and applied fertilizers has been established. At the same time, additional products were obtained according to the options for applying fertilizers for different varieties in the range of 2.5-6.1 t/hectare.