Abstract
This study assesses the wood waste generation, its management practices, and its effects on the forests in Ghana. The rate of logging in Ghana has increased and this can be attributed to the increase in the establishment of Sawmilling companies in the country. Increased in the installation of sawmilling companies has increased the sawn timber production. The use of outmoded milling machines has led to an increase in waste generation. An increase in production has led to an increase in the annual allowable cut in the country, which has overrun the limit of sustainable forestry. A qualitative research method was employed for the research work. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to the study to solicit the views of the wood industries about wood waste generation and its management practices. The study population comprised of 50 sawmilling companies. From the data collected, it was observed that most of the timber production companies do not know how to manage the waste generated and the waste is left un-utilized. In general 80% of the timber production companies responded that they have an idea of wood waste management but do not have the technical know-how to manage the waste. It was observed that 80% of the timber production companies do not manage the waste they generate during their operations. Wood shavings, sawdust, wood slabs, offcuts, branches, and others are left un-utilized. From the observations made in the visited sawmills, chunks of waste are generated on the site. The fact that the wood which is un-utilized (waste) and the wood, which is utilized as sold products, are equal in cost to the company which highlights the poor material and cost-efficiency. Wood industry materials and cost efficiency, together with waste management practices and their contribution to deforestation in the country, are discussed.
Highlights
When researchers make mention of the causes of deforestation in Ghana much attention is placed on illegal loggers without taking into accounts the legal loggers, in other words, the timber production companies
The rate of logging in Ghana has increased, and this can be attributed to the fact that there has been an increase in the installation of milling companies and round wood utilization above the defined annual allowable cut [1]
Due to the high amount of wood waste generated by the timber companies, their targets are not met for their production
Summary
When researchers make mention of the causes of deforestation in Ghana much attention is placed on illegal loggers without taking into accounts the legal loggers, in other words, the timber production companies. Increasing in logging above the annual allowable cut (ACC) either by legal or illegal means has severe negative environmental, economic, and social implications and consequences. Logging to exceed the annual allowable cut leads to forest degradation or outright deforestation, reducing. The rate of logging in Ghana has increased, and this can be attributed to the fact that there has been an increase in the installation of milling companies and round wood utilization above the defined annual allowable cut [1]. The annual allowable cut (AAC) for the forest in Ghana is an estimation of the amount of allowable timber to be harvested in the forest within a year, stated by the Ghana Forestry Commission. ACC is based on an estimation of the annual forest harvest, which is not accurate since the Forestry Commission does not have valid data of the forest growth in Ghana.
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