Abstract

Mineral wealth is declining over the globe, but waste generation from many industries is increasing. As a consequence, the researchers started exploring alternative minerals that might be used instead of sand. Researchers revealed that silica-containing materials such as stone dust, copper slag, coal fly ash, carbonate sand, and others might be used to replace sand. The feasibility of employing copper slag as a fine aggregate alternative was investigated in this article. Copper slag is a by-product of the flotation and filtration processes used to extract copper from ore with high concentrations of copper. With an annual production of roughly 2.5 million tonnes, the total quantity of fine copper slag produced is currently above three million metric tonnes (MT). Copper slag (CS) is a sulfur-free waste product from copper roasting. It was found that the use of CS as a fine aggregate (60 percent) to replace fine aggregates in road construction was investigated. The use of fine copper slag in the building of embankment/subgrade fill would surely add value by minimizing waste accumulation on fertile land on the one hand and resource mining on the other. The current study focuses on specific gravity, an important property of any construction material, and a need for the design process. The material's Grain Size Distribution is also investigated to determine the particle size distribution. The quantity of Copper Slag that should be used to replace the fine aggregates is established via a trial and error procedure. Finally, the viability of the material proposed to be used in the subgrade layer, i.e., Copper Slag, is checked by analysis pertaining to the cost aspect of the roadway.

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