ASSESSING INFLUENCE EXERTED BY AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Abstract

Background. One of the factors influencing the health of the population, which is the object of one of the federal projects, is atmospheric air. Many studies have established that atmospheric air pollution with chemical impurities can cause the onset of a new or exacerbation of an existing pathology in humans.
 Purpose. Assess the impact of atmospheric air pollution on the health indicators of the population of the Russian Federation.
 Materials and methods. The hygienic assessment of atmospheric air quality was carried out using the data from Rospotrebnadzor form 18 for 2012-2021, data from the federal information fund for social and hygienic monitoring. The analysis of the primary morbidity of the population was carried out using statistical collections "The incidence of the entire population of Russia with a diagnosis established for the first time in life" for 2012-2021. The calculation of additional cases of population diseases associated with atmospheric air quality was performed in accordance with Methodological recommendations 5.1.0095-14.
 Results. For the period 2012-2021 on the territory of the Russian Federation, the share of atmospheric air samples that do not meet hygienic requirements decreased by 1.69 times. Priority substances for which excesses of standards are registered are: benz(a)pyrene, xylene, hydrogen chloride, nickel oxide, ozone, ethenylbenzene, hydrochloride, methanethiol, particulate matter, formaldehyde, etc. Improvement in atmospheric air quality has reduced the number of additional cases of disease from all causes associated with air pollution. The structure of additional morbidity associated with atmospheric air quality is dominated by diseases of the respiratory, digestive, circulatory, and nervous systems. Additional cases of diseases of the population associated with air quality are registered, depending on the class of diseases, in the territories of 22-42 subjects of the Russian Federation.
 Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in the formation of monitoring programs aimed at reducing priority chemical impurities in the atmospheric air and developing programs for the primary prevention of the population from diseases associated with atmospheric air quality.