The formation of atmospheric air pollution emissions from separate explosions as a result of military operations

Abstract

As is well known, military operations in urbanized areas lead to deterioration of atmospheric air quality. The article examines the model of the formation of atmospheric polluted air from individual explosions as a result of military operations. A technique based on the theory of the convective jet is proposed for estimating the concentrations of hazardous substances formed above the burning area as a result of the explosion. The proposed approach makes it possible to obtain the concentration of pollutants in the conditions of emission into the atmosphere open to solar radiation at a height of three or more diameters of the explosion funnel (or the conventional diameter of the warm surface), the temperature and speed of hot air jets over the warm surface, the consumption of the desired substance. The obtained data make it possible to calculate the emission of hazardous substances into the atmosphere according to the formulas for a high unshaded source of pollution depending on the meteorological conditions of the area, to determine the concentration of the main acid-forming substances when assessing the probability of acid precipitation, and to serve as a basis for modern innovative atmospheric air monitoring systems.An assessment of the existing approach to determining atmospheric air pollution due to the impact of X-101 missile fragments in Kyiv on December 16, 2022 was made, which is a confirmation of the validity of this approach when calculating the impact of a separate explosion on atmospheric air quality. Calculated emissions of pollutants and their concentrations in the air in the upper part of the convective polluted jet in the case of separate explosions of the Kalibr cruise missile, the Kh-101 missile and the BUK-M1 projectile. The error from the comparison of these calculation results with the atmospheric air monitoring system depends on the nearest active observation points. This approach to assessing and forecasting concentrations of pollutants in atmospheric air can be used under neutral atmospheric conditions that determine the emission of pollutants and transformations of chemical substances in the air.