Assessing Incidence of Bulimia Nervosa in a Noncldshcal Dieting Population.

Abstract

LEARNING OUTCOME: To identify at-risk behaviors for bulimia nervosa in a dieting populationIntentional weight loss often triggers the development of an eating disorder. The objectives were to assess the incidence of bulimia nervosa and identify techniques and behaviors used when attempting weight loss. Women attending 7 community and hospital-based weight loss dimes completed the Bulimia Test-Revised (BULIT-R) (r=.95), a questionnaire (possible score=135), designed to assess whether subjects fulfill the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual third edition revised (DSM-IH-R), criteria for bulimia nervosa. A demographic form with questions about weight, dieting history, and techniques for weight loss was administered. Of the 134 women (mean age=44; range 18-73 years) surveyed, 91% were high school graduates and of those 24% had advanced degrees. Percentage meeting criteria for bulimia nervosa was 5.2%, with a score of 104-135. An additional 3% scored between 99-103, placing them in an at-risk category- Continually dieting for a two year period was reported by 53%; 22% reported binge eating. Ignoring signs of hunger, fad dieting, and fasting were identified by 12%, 4%, and 3%, respectively. Of the 46% who associated a specific event with weight problems, over half were related to a physical event (puberty or childbirth); 29% were related to a psychological event (loneliness or stress); 12% were related to a lifestyle factor (work); and 6% were food-related (love of food). A relatively high percent of women attending weight loss clinics had bulimia nervosa as assessed by the BULIT-R and chronic dieting was common. Being alert to characteristics of disordered eating may help professionals to more effectively work with people attempting weight loss.