Assessing impact of thermal units on growth and development of mustard varieties grown under optimum sown conditions

M.r Islam M.R Islam,Akbar Hossain Akbar Hossain,Alharby, H Alharby, H,C Barutcular C Barutcular,Mohd Farooq Mohd Farooq,Ayman El Sabagh Ayman El Sabagh,F Çig F Çig,R Zaman R Zaman,Mohd Mostofa Kamal Mohd Mostofa Kamal,M.a Alam M.A Alam,Bamagoos, A Bamagoos, A,J Hossain J Hossain

doi:10.54386/jam.v21i3.249

Abstract

Thermal unit indices have a strong correlation with the phenology, growth and yield of crops and can be effectively used to select suitable crop cultivars for specific environmental conditions especially temperature. In this study, four mustard varieties (viz., 'BARI Sharisha-14', 'BARI Sharisha-15', 'BARI Sharisha-16' and 'Tori-7') were grown in two consecutive growing to assess the impact of thermal unit indices on crop growth and development, and to select the suitable variety for better yield under optimum sowing condition. Thermal unit indices viz., growing degree-day (GDD), helio-thermal units (HTU), phenothermal index (PTI) and heat use efficiency (HUE) were estimated from daily temperature and sunshine hours. Role of GDD on different growth indicators and seed yield (SY) were estimated through association and dependence of the traits. Significant variations in studied genotypes were observed for different traits. Among the studied varieties, 'BARI Sharisha-16' produced higher dry matter and seed yields (1.82 t ha-1) while accumulated maximum GDD at different growth stages. A strong positive association was obtained between GDD and the studied traits. Thermal unit indices had a strong influence in attaining different phenophases and other growth indicators. Therefore, results suggest that those indices could be used for growth prediction; further 'BARI Sharisha-16' is expected to use heat energy more efficiently for increasing the seed yields which indicated that the crop can perform better under global warming scenarios.

Highlights

There are wide variations in the thermal heat unit indices requirement by different mustard varieties (Singh et al, 2014)
The results revealed that seed yield (SY) was less by 21%, 23% and 38% in 'BARI Sharisha-14', 'BARI Sharisha-15' and Tori-7, respectively, while compared to 'BARI Sharisha-16'
The association analysis was performed using two years mean data among yield and its attributing traits and the results revealed that SY showed a significant positive

Summary

Introduction

There are wide variations in the thermal heat unit indices requirement by different mustard varieties (Singh et al, 2014). Crop growth and development are often correlated with thermal unit indices, like growing degree days (GDD), photo-thermal units (PTU), helio-thermal units (HTU), pheno-thermal index (PTI) and heat use efficiency (HUE). These indices relate temperature and sunshine hours to crop growth and dry matter production that can be used effectively for prediction of growth, phenology and yield of crops based on weather parameters (Kingra and Prabhjyot-kaur, 2013; Singh et al, 2014). This study was undertaken to evaluate the performances of different mustard varieties in relation to phenology, growth, thermal unit indices and final grain yield; as well as to select the suitable candidates that fit well in rice-based cropping system of South-Asia including

Methods

Results

Conclusion