Abstract
This study assesses the environmental aspects and air quality in chemical fertilizer industry. Misr Fertilizers Company (MOPCO) at Damietta, Egypt was used as a case study to monitor indoor and outdoor air emissions to find out the main source of air pollution and evaluate the air quality in the facility. MOPCO is located within the general free zone of Damietta Port and covers an area of 400,000 m2 including three factories, three ammonia plants, and three urea production plants and a service area. Monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in addition to particulate matter (PM10), noise and heat stress was carried out in the production units in MOPCO (e.g., filling area, ammonia pumping area, and boiler area (BFW) from January 2018 to July 2019. Outdoor air emissions were measured from the outlet stacks of granulation, reformer and the boiler at MOPCO. The obtained results from the three sites were less than the maximum permissible limits for CO (25 ppm), SO2 (2 ppm), NO2 (3 ppm), and NH3 (25 ppm) according to Egyptian Environment Protection Low No. 4/1994 and its amendments (No. 9/2009). Detailed air dispersion modeling (AERMOD) was applied to determine the likelihood ground level concentrations resulting from the outdoor air emissions of NO2, NH3, CO and PM10 from the stacks in MOPCO. The individual risk exposures from MOPCO have been evaluated and found to be below the maximum tolerable risk levels allowed by the Egyptian Environment Protection Low No. 4/1994.
Highlights
The industrial activities have doubled levels of reactive nitrogen in circulation, largely come from fertilizer plants and fossil fuel burning
This study investigates the environmental risk assessment of the chemical fertilizer industry, and MISR Fertilizers Production Co. (MOPCO) in Damietta, north Egypt as case study for nitrogen fertilizers (Fig. 1)
In this study, detailed air dispersion modelling (AERMOD) was applied to determine the likelihood ground level concentrations resulting from the outdoor air emissions of NO2, NH3, carbon monoxide (CO) and PM10 from the stacks in MOPCO
Summary
The industrial activities have doubled levels of reactive nitrogen in circulation, largely come from fertilizer plants and fossil fuel burning. Environmental risk assessment is an important step in the safety analysis of AJBAS Volume 1, Issue 2, 2020 process systems in MOPCO. This tendency urges the need for developing new criteria for environmental risk assessment [3]. Risk assessment (RA) has demonstrated its capabilities as a scientific method to analyse and prevent any process-equipment failure in MOPCO. The probability of the corresponding emergency response action in the proposed method is estimated through the accident probability analysis and its certain response actions [7, 8] This estimation of the environmental consequence is applied on MOPCO plant based on a test of air exchange rate
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