Aspectos quirúrgicos de un condrosarcoma en la cavidad nasal de un perro – Reporte de caso

Abstract

Chondrosarcomas (CSA) are mesenchymal tumors characterized by the proliferation of cells and interstitial tissue, morphologically presenting cartilaginous features at different stages of development. Chondrosarcomas can be primary, originating from a previously normal bone, or secondary to a preexisting chondroma. They generally exhibit slow growth, low metastatic index, and are well-differentiated. Classified into two subtypes: myxoid (more frequent) and mesenchymal. In dogs, CSA accounts for approximately 10% of bone tumors. This report aims to describe a case of surgical treatment via rhinotomy in a dog with CSA in the nasal cavity, leading to a period of survival and quality of life for the patient. This case is reported based on the medical record data of a patient, treated in February of 2023 at a veterinary hospital in Juiz de Fora - MG. The canine patient, a female with no defined breed (NDB), 7 years and 2 months old, weighing 15.3 kg, presented dyspnea for a period of 1 year, as reported by the owner. Forty-five days before the medical appointment, intermittent right unilateral epistaxis began. The patient had previously received treatment for the same complaint, for which tranexamic acid and prednisolone were prescribed, resulting in temporary improvement. She was then referred for a computed tomography scan, which revealed a neoformation in the right nasal sinus. On March 2, 2023, the animal was admitted for surgical intervention, where the tumor mass was excised. After removing the content, the bed was washed with physiological saline at room temperature. For closure of the created cavity, a Waltex® polypropylene mesh was used, fixed at its edges to the musculature. The material collected from the right nasal cavity was sent for histopathological examination, which indicated that the neoformation was a Chondrosarcoma, with myxoid stroma and foci of mature chondroid differentiation. The surgical intervention proved to be effective and satisfactory, allowing the resection of the neoformation, later classified as chondrosarcoma, providing quality of life to the patient after the surgical procedure.