Abstract
AscitesAscites is the most common complication of cirrhosis after hepatocarcinoma. The treatment of uncomplicated ascites focuses on increasing the renal excretion of sodium with diuretics. Refractory ascites requires periodic evacuative paracentesis with albumin replenishment. Percutaneous intrahepatic portosystemic shunts can be appropriate in properly selected cases. Hepatorenal syndromeThe diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome has been recently reviewed, eliminating the previously established cut-off points, which helps treat patients earlier. Hepatic encephalopathyHepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric syndrome that occurs in patients with highly diverse hepatic disorders. Its diagnosis is based on suggestive clinical manifestations, the demonstration of underlying liver disease and the ruling out of other causes. Its management requires the systematic search and correction of triggers and the use of hypoammonaemic measures, with nonabsorbable disaccharides the drugs of choice. Liver transplantationPatients with these complications of cirrhosis have a poor prognosis and should therefore be considered for liver transplantation.
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