Arterial Stiffness is an early vascular complication in menopause associated with high levels of asprosin

Abstract

Background: Menopause is a biological phenomenon experienced by women on average at 51 years of age. The negative impact of menopause on the health of women left without treatment is now recognized but still remains understudied. Menopause is characterized by a decline in ovarian function and estrogen levels that is associated with weight gain and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Because cardiovascular disease clinically presents 7-10 years following menopause, research on the early onset of cardiovascular events in menopause is urgently needed. Asprosin has been recently identified as an adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue and its levels are increased in obesity. Whether asprosin production is increased in menopause remains unknown. We hypothesize that arterial stiffness is an early vascular complication and is associated with high levels of asprosin in menopause. Methods: 8-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were randomized into two experimental groups: Control Group (n=9) and Ovariectomized (OVX) Group (n=8). The OVX group received surgical ovariectomies and the Control Group underwent surgery without ovary removal. The experimental protocol spanned 22 weeks. Carotid-femoral and intracarotid pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements, the gold standard to measure arterial stiffness, were obtained. At terminal experiments, thoracic aortas were isolated and mounted on a wire myograph for vascular reactivity studies. Acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside concentration-response curves were used to assess endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation, respectively. Gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) was collected for further asprosin measurements. Results: The OVX Group exhibited a significant reduction in uterus weight (59.87 ± 19.62 mg vs. 162.8 ± 16.37 mg controls, p<0.05), validating our menopause model. At week 16, the OVX group exhibited a significant increase in carotid-femoral PWV (3.03 ± 0.09 m/s vs. 2.7 ± 0.11 m/s controls, p<0.05) as well as intracarotid PWV (5.09 ± 0.35 m/s vs 2.5 ± 0.23 m/s controls, p<0.05), confirming arterial stiffness. No differences in endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation were observed between the experimental groups, indicating that the menopausal mice had not developed endothelial dysfunction at week 22. As expected, the OVX group showed a significant increase in body weight (24.7 ± 0.26 g vs. 22.2 ± 0.42 g controls, p<0.05) and BMI (0.27 ± 0.002 kg/m2 vs. 0.24 ± 0.005 kg/m2 controls, p<0.05), confirming obesity. The increased weight of gWAT in the OVX group (0.69 ± 0.15 g vs. 0.26 ± 0.02 g controls, p<0.05) was accompanied by elevated asprosin expression (1.14-fold increase, p<0.05). Conclusion: nt of endothelial dysfunction in menopause. Increased asprosin is novel and represents a potential link between adiposity and arterial stiffness in menopause. Future directions will investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness and hypertension in menopause. NIH. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.