Abstract

Women's under representation in politics has been attributed to their perceived aversion to competition. This study aims to reassess this relationship by conducting an online laboratory experiment in real-time, with a design notably inspired by the influential work of Kanthak and Woon (2015), while also building upon prior research by Niederle and Vesterlund (2007). Our experiment investigates whether women exhibit lower willingness to compete across three different types of elections: 1) lottery election with no campaign; 2) election with votes but no campaign; and 3) election with votes and a campaign. We find no evidence of a gender gap in all three types of elections. Our study underscores the need to consider contextual factors when analyzing women's political participation and representation.

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