Abstract

High probability request (high-p) sequences, based on the momentum of behavior principle, have been an effective intervention for improving compliance and work completion for students who display challenging behaviors. They have been portrayed as a low-intensity intervention because of being perceived as simple, clear, and easy for any teacher to implement as compared to developing a token economy, behavioral contract, or conducting a functional behavioral assessment which are intensive and require expertise in applied behavior analysis. However, high-p request sequences may not be as low-intensity as has been depicted. There are several subtleties for implementing them effectively that teachers would not automatically understand. Also, an examination of the research may raise concerns how well this intervention translates into practice. The purpose of this articles is to provide foundational and theoretical information that is often overlooked when researching and implementing high-p request sequences, describe different techniques for building behavioral momentum, address issues translating research into practice, discuss problems in following published implementation steps, and offering an alternative approach for engendering student compliance.

Highlights

  • There has been an evolving and growing popularity of schools adopting multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS)

  • High probability request sequences, based on the momentum of behavior principle, have been an effective intervention for improving compliance and work completion for students who display challenging behaviors. They have been portrayed as a low-intensity intervention because of being perceived as simple, clear, and easy for any teacher to implement as compared to developing a token economy, behavioral contract, or conducting a functional behavioral assessment which are intensive and require expertise in applied behavior analysis

  • 80% of students who display inappropriate behaviors respond to tier 1 interventions with another 15% requiring additional interventions to behave appropriately with the remaining 5% displaying the most challenging behaviors requiring the intensive individual interventions (Simonsen, Sugai, & Negron, 2008)

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Summary

Introduction

There has been an evolving and growing popularity of schools adopting multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS). Individual intensive interventions are time consuming and require a fairly sophisticated skill set, especially because they are based on FBAs that require expertise in applied behavior analysis. This recognition lead to the Institute of Educational Sciences (IES, 2014) forming a group to determine how evidence-based practices could be translated into simple and vibrant techniques that would lead to better behavioral outcomes for all students. Mooney and Ryan (2018) described interventions for practitioners meeting these goals as “low-intensity” because they are simple, clear, and easy to implement—those with high social validity Examples of these interventions would be teachers using behavior-specific praise, precorrection practices, instructional choice and feedback, and high probability (high-p) request sequences.

Foundational and Theoretical Precises
An Analogy to Physical Mass
The Interplay of the Premack Principle
Momentum of Compliance Techniques
Identifying High-p Request Sequences
Improving the Classroom Relevance of High-p Request Sequences
Revisiting the Premack Principal
Similarities Between High-p and Low-p Requests
Subtleties Delivering High-p Request Sequences
How Low-Intensity Are High-p Request Sequences?
Caveats of Operationally Defining Behavior
High-Intensity Reinforcement Within a Low-Intensity Intervention
Embedding Instructions as a Peculiar Alternative
Findings
Conclusion
Full Text
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