ARCHAEOLOGICAL CULTURES ON THE TERRITORY OF GORNAYA SHORIA: PALEOSOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE RESEARCH

Abstract

The aim of this article is a historical and sociological understanding of materials from the era of stone and bronze, accumulated so far as a result of research of the settlement monuments of Gornaya Shoria. The direct subject of paleosociological reconstructions in this work are the migrations of the ancient population. Gornaya Shoria is a historical and cultural region, located in the southern part of the Kuznetsk Basin. In the east and north-east it adjoins the Abakan ridge and the Kuznetsk Alatau, in the south - to the Altai, in the west it is separated from the Salair ridge by the NenyaChumysh ridge. This article is devoted to the cultural and historical interpretation of the archaeological data of the Stone Age and Bronze Age, accumulated to this day as a result of the study of the settlement monuments of the Gornaya Shoria. The first information about the ancient fortifications, mounds and places of worship on the territory of Mountain Shoria was left by military engineers in the 18th century. Archaeological research on the territory of Gornaya Shoria intensified in the late 1970s.The vast majority of monuments of archeology, known in the territory of Gornaya Shoria, have been revealed over the past 30 years. Unfortunately, in the interfluve of the rivers Mrassu and Kondoma, on tributaries of the second and third orders, archaeological reconnaissance has not yet been conducted. Virtually unknown monuments of the early Holocene era (Mesolithic - Neolithic).The study of archaeological monuments of this region was carried out, mainly, on the basis of local museums and they not putting special research aims. Therefore, in this article on the materials of archaeological monuments of the Stone Age and Bronze Age, is considered the interaction of the population of Gornaya Shoria as a historical and cultural region with archaeological cultures of the middle flowing of the river Ob’, the Tom basin, and the Tobol-Irtysh region. Cultural complexes associated with ancient migrations are singled out. Archaeological monuments with pottery of Novokuskovo, Krokhalievo, Mundybash, and comb-pit pottery types are characterized, their relative chronology is suggested. A brief history of archaeological research in Gornaya Shoria is given.