Aqueous Media Synthesis of Pyrano[3,2-c]chromen Derivatives Using Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Recyclable Catalyst

Abstract

Here, the synthesis of MgO nanopowders via a simple precipitation method is defined. The morphology, phase identification, particle size distribution and specific surface area of the sample was investigated by FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, DLS, and BET techniques. The structural parameters were determined through XRD pattern. The sample crystallized in a pure cubic phase with the average crystallite size of 55 nm. The micro-strain (ε) and dislocation density (δ) of the sample were also calculated to be 0.1153 and 3.306 × 10−4, respectively. The catalyst has a specific surface area and of 26.7 m2g−1. The catalytic activity of MgO nanopowders was studied in the three-component condensation of aldehydes, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and malononitrile in aqueous media. A range of aromatic aldehydes undergoes the reaction to produce a series of pyrano[3,2-c]chromen derivatives in good yields.