Abstract
BackgroundTo assess bioactive transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFβ2) and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1) levels in aqueous humor (AH) of different types of glaucoma.MethodsAH samples were obtained immediately before ophthalmic surgery with a 27-gauge needle attached to a microsyringe from 126 eyes (105 patients) divided into five groups: cataract (control), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG), primary angle-closure suspects (PACS), and acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG). Bioactive TGFβ2 and SFRP1 levels were assayed by ELISA.ResultsThe concentration of TGFβ2 in AH of POAG patients, but not CACG, PACS, or AACG patients, was significantly higher than control eyes. However, within the AACG group, although the TGFβ2 levels in AH did not differ significantly from the control level when all AACG patients were grouped together, there were differences when the AACG patients were divided into high and normal intraocular pressure (IOP); TGFβ2 of AACG patients with high IOP (> 21 mmHg) was significantly higher than those with normal IOP. AH levels of SFRP1 were not significantly different among the groups. However, a statistical significant, negative correlation between SFRP1 and IOP existed in the POAG group. POAG patients with high IOP had lower levels of SFRP1 than those with normal IOP. In contrast, a significant, positive correlation between SFRP1 level and IOP was detected in the AACG group. AACG patients with high IOP had a higher level of SFRP1 than those with normal IOP. Concentrations of TGFβ2 and SFRP1 did not correlate significantly with each other, or with age.ConclusionsThese results indicate that AH levels of TGFβ2 and SFRP1 showed different profiles in different types of glaucomas.
Highlights
To assess bioactive transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFβ2) and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1) levels in aqueous humor (AH) of different types of glaucoma
The AH samples were collected from 126 eyes of 105 patients, who were divided into the following groups: cataract patients who did not have any other known ocular disorders (n = 26 eyes of patients; serving as controls), primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) (n = eyes of 21 patients), chronic angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) (CACG) (n = 21 eyes of 19 patients), primary angle-closure suspects (PACS) (n = 9 eyes of 9 patients), and acute ACG (AACG) (n = 45 eyes of 32 patients)
Levels of bioactive TGFβ2 and SFRP1 in AH Our results show that the concentration of bioactive TGFβ2 in AH in control eyes was 345.2 ± 24.8 pg/ml (Fig. 1a)
Summary
To assess bioactive transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFβ2) and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1) levels in aqueous humor (AH) of different types of glaucoma. Elevated levels of several cytokines, such as transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1), have been detected in the AH and/or TM of POAG patients. TGFβ2 levels are higher in AH samples of POAG patients [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. The cellular functions of TGFβ2 likely translate to elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Perfusion of ex vivo human anterior segments with TGFβ2 increases IOP, corresponding to an increased accumulation of extracellular matrix in the TM region [17, 23]. Intraocular injection of an adenoviral vector encoding a biologically active form of TGFβ2 increases IOP in both the rat and mouse [24,25,26]
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