Aqueous humor and serum levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and glaucoma.

Abstract

To compare the aqueous humor (AH) and serum levels of 4-hydroxynenal (4-HNE) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG) with each other and with age- and sex-matched control group. Thisprospective study included 66patientsdivided into three groups:PES (n = 24), PEG (n = 21), and acontrol group (n = 21). 4-HNEand 8-OhdG levelswere analyzed using theenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Aqueous and serum 4-HNE levels were significantly higher inthe PEG(466.52 ± 62.12pg/mL and313.47 ± 47.41pg/mL) and PES (290.69 ± 63.63pg/mL and201.53 ± 39.57pg/mL) groups than the control group (144.02 ± 39.58pg/mL and99.10 ± 16.96pg/mL;p < 0.001, for all). Both aqueous and serum levels of 4-HNE in the PEG group were significantly higher than in the PES group (p < 0.001, for both). Similar to 4-HNE, the AH 8-OhdG levelswere higher in the PEG group (21.18 ± 2.23ng/mL) compared to the PES (14.90 ± 3.37ng/mL) and control(4.86 ± 1.94ng/mL) groups(p < 0.001, for all).Serum 8-OhdG levels were significantly higher in the PEG and PES groups than the control (p < 0.001, for both); however,there was no significant difference between the PES andPEG groups (p = 0.097). There were strong significant correlations between the aqueous and serum levels of 4-HNE (p < 0.001, r = 0.857) and 8-OhdG (p < 0.001, r = 0.807) amongall the patients. Aqueous humor and serum levels of 4-HNE and 8-OhdG increased in the PES and PEG patients. These findings are potentially significant and add to the growing body of evidence concerning oxidative stress in PES and PEG.