Aquatic, riverside-aquatic and shrubswamp vegetation of Bile lake at «Biloozersky» NNP

Abstract

The territory of the «Biloozerskyi» National Park represents the landscape complexes of the Middle Dnipro region, the integral elements of which contain ancient watercourses, swampy and waterlogged, wedged between the raised segments of the pine terrace and often connected to the modern floodplain. In the central part of such a decline (89–92 m above sea level), which is located within the park, there is a floodplain Bile Lake with a swampy island, which divides it into a smaller eastern water area of the lake and a larger western one. The periphery of the lake is surrounded by areas of swampy shores. The total area of flooded and swampy areas is about 16 hectares, of which the area of the water pond is 9 hectares. Considerable areas are represented by thickets of air-water vegetation and swamp-bog swamps with a thick cover of Sphagnum sp. The water supply of this lake is complex and is provided by both the underground waters of the pine terrace and the waters of the surface runoff. And in the presence of a swampy decline with channels connecting them into one wetland system, they provide the possibility of slow water exchange between the Kaniv Reservoir and the lake. The examined territory has a fairly rich and diverse plant complex. A number of habitats protected by Directive 92/43/EU «On the conservation of natural habitats and species of natural fauna and flora» are presented and large populations of two species of marsh orchids (Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich., Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz) and water fern (Salvinia natans (L.) All.) are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (2009). In addition, three species protected in the Kyiv region grow here in the conditions of natural biotopes (Drosera rotundifolia L., Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray, Nymphaea alba L.).