Abstract
Studies in motor learning have demonstrated that factors like attentional focus, extrinsic feedback and self-controlled practice can influence the performance of different skills. Objective. The purpose of this study is review the effect of using these three factors on motor learning of tasks with balance and proprioception demands in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Method. The research was made in the electronic databases LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE and articles with publication time between 2002 and 2012 and experimental design were included in the present review. Results. It was identified 26 articles, but only five filled the inclusion criteria and was used in the review. The instruction of external attentional focus and the use of self-controlled practice demonstrated its benefits on motor learning of balance tasks in individuals with PD, while the required feedback frequency to enhance motor learning was not clear in this population. Conclusion. Considering that the use of these factors reduces the postural sway in individuals with PD, the review suggests that the external attentional focus and the self-controlled practice can generate important implications for the balance training.
Highlights
Studies in motor learning have demonstrated that factors like attentional focus, extrinsic feedback and self-controlled practice can influence the performance of different skills
Associados, os efeitos cumulativos desses distúrbios de movimento se tornam fatores propícios para a ocorrência de quedas, sendo essas responsáveis por aproximadamente 15% das hospitalizações em idosos que apresentam a DP2
A relação dos cinco artigos revisados com os respectivos fatores da aprendizagem motora estudados, tarefas e instrumentos utilizados, condições experimentais dos grupos e resultados da eficácia dos fatores na tarefa pode ser visualizada na Tabela 2
Summary
Studies in motor learning have demonstrated that factors like attentional focus, extrinsic feedback and self-controlled practice can influence the performance of different skills. Pesquisas na área da aprendizagem motora podem gerar contribuições através do estudo de variáveis como o foco atencional, o feedback extrínseco e a prática autocontrolada, as quais possuem potencial para melhorar o desempenho de diferentes habilidades e fornecer estratégias direcionadas às necessidades específicas dos pacientes[4].
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