Approaches to the selection of measures to ensure the safety of closed landfills for the disposal of solid municipal waste

Abstract

The approaches to the choice of measures to ensure the environmental safety of closed facilities for the disposal of solid municipal waste (MSW) are considered. Laws of the Russian Federation in terms of requirements for ensuring the safety of waste disposal facilities during the operational and reclamation periods have been studied. Scenarios of the conduct of processes at MSW landfills after reclamation are presented. The article presents the results of engineering and geological research: a comprehensive study of engineering and geological and hydrogeological conditions of the site, composition, condition and properties of soils, the activity of geological processes for making design decisions. Field engineering and geological work, soil sampling from wells have been carried out. Laboratory research of soil samples has been carried out in a soil laboratory. The project of reclamation cover of MSW landfill has been completed, including geosynthetic materials and natural soils, a network of pipelines supplying filtrate for recirculation has been calculated, and a set of work and selection of vegetation at the biological stage of reclamation have been justified. Scenarios of the conduct of processes in the course of reclamation of a waste disposal facility are considered in the case of application of the filtrate recirculation technology with preliminary pH-regulation by changing the structure of the landfill in the first year after reclamation and according to the scheme of the section of the reclaimed landfill upon reaching the stage of destruction of the biodegradable part of the waste. The advantages of the developed reclamation pavement are shown: high cultivation capacity, preservation of drainage properties at high loads, reduced costs for excavation and crushed stone laying, high chemical resistance and environmental friendliness of the material.