Abstract
The general category of sleep-related movement disorders in children encompasses a variety of sleep disorders noted in Table 1. We will discuss the following sleep related movement disorders (SRMD) in detail in this article: (1) Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS); (2) Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD); (3) Restless Sleep Disorder (RSD); (4) Sleep-Related Rhythmic Movement Disorders (SRRMD; Head Banging, Body Rocking, Head Rolling); (5) Sleep Bruxism; (6) Myoclonic/Hypnic Jerks; (7) Benign Myoclonus of Infancy. While some of these sleep disorders share common features (e.g., movements of specific body parts such as extremities vs. whole body movements) and pathogenesis (e.g., iron deficiency), each has a distinctive set of diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, and clinical management, and may differ in the degree of disruption to sleep quality and quantity, and related daytime consequences. While some of these disorders are generally considered benign as they have a self-limited natural history and tend to resolve over a relatively short period of time (i.e., SRRMD, hypnic jerks), others may persist into adulthood and result in more significant long-term impacts.
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