Appraisal of Correlation of Sex Steroidal Hormones Interleukin 2 and 6 with soluble Fas in Seminal Fluid of infertile men

Abstract

Approximately 50% of human infertility is attributable to male defects with the clinical presentation of abnormal sperm production, such as oligospermia, asthenospermia, teratospermia, or azoospermia. Numerous factors have been implicated in spermatogonial development. Several alternative hormonal mechanisms regulate the mitotic and meiotic dynamics of spermatogonia. Apoptosis is an important process in the context of germ cells since they undergo both mitosis and meiosis, and this process is affected by interleukins (IL6 and IL2). The aims of this study wasto assess the effect of sex steroidal hormones, seminal antiapoptotic factor soluble fibroblast associated surface antigen (sFas) and inflammatory markers Interleukin(IL-2, IL-6), with conventional semen parameters in infertile men. This study involves One hundred and six male partners of infertile couples; Serum testosterone and estradiol2were measured for all of them. Semen sample was taken after 2-7 days of abstinence. Conventional semen analysis was done for each sample according to the protocol of (WHO) 2010, after incubation and liquefaction period (30-60 min). Semen plasma was collected for analysis of interleukins (2 and 6) and sFAS by specific kits.Patients with severe oligospermia (below million sperm/ml) were excluded from the study. The results showed thatEstradiol was significantly higher in azoospermic and oligoasthenoteratospermic male partner of infertile couple. And the ratio of testosterone/estradiol is significantly lower in azoospermic group. A significant higher level of seminal plasma IL-2 and IL-6 in oligo,asthenoteratozoospermic group in comparison to normospermic group.Also there was a significant higher level of seminal plasma IL-2 in oligo,asthenoteratozoospermic group in comparison to azoospermic group.A significant higher expression of seminal plasma sFAS in azoospermic and oligoasthenoteratozoopermic groups in comparison to normospermic group. From this study it’s concluded that Testosterone level and Testosterone/E2 ratio affects male fertility;they were significantly low in azoospermic and oligoasthenoteratospermic,Apoptotic process has great effects on fertility since there was significant higher expression of SPsFAS in azoospermic and oligoasthenoteratozoopermic groups in comparison to normospermic group. On the contrary there was increase in proinflammatory markers IL2 and 6 in the same groups.